History Main

History Main article: History of Africa Mask of King Tutankhamun, in which the boy king is wearing the Nemes. It is believed that the southern or eastern Africa is the cradle of humanity and then come the successive species of hominids and apes that gave rise to humans and which have expanded to other continents, including Homo sapiens ago sapiens about 190,000 years. Throughout antiquity and into the early centuries of the Christian era in the history of North Africa is combined with the Merranean. Meanwhile parts of the developments live Saharan Africa different. According to the Greek historian Herodotus (484 BC), a Phoenician expion sponsored by the Pharaoh Necho (616 BC) circumnavigated the African continent for the first time. The origins of trade between west and central Africa and the Merranean Basin are lost in prehistory.The earliest historical accounts date back to antiquity and have organized the nomadic trade between Leptis Magna and Chad. This trade experienced its first boom in the first century BC C. with the rise of the Roman Empire. Above all traded with gold, slaves, ivory and exotic animals for the circus games in Rome in exchange for luxury goods in Rome. In fact it is at this time which exploits the very name of Africa. After the defeat of Carthage by Rome in the Third Punic War establishes the Roman province of Africa covering about Tunisia today. It was a territorial spread of the province which gave name to the entire continent. A crucial also had greater utilization of the camel from the first century in North Africa. From the seventh century the Arabs invaded North Africa. The caravan trade and Islamic expansion fuel the development of new relationships between the "two Africas. Kanem-Bornu Empire existed in Africa from the thirteenth century and the 1840s.At its greatest splendor covered the area of what is now southern Libya, Chad, northeastern Nigeria, eastern Niger and northern Cameroon. The Kingdom of Kongo was a state located in what is now northern Angola, the enclave of Cabinda, the Republic of Congo and the western part of the Democratic Republic of Congo. Its sphere of influence also extended to neighboring states. The total colonial division of Africa by European powers, began wildly from the seventeenth century took place in approximately 1885, with the Berlin Conference and the beginning of the First World War, when colonial empires which lasted more rapidly in Africa than anywhere else in the world, although two countries, Liberia and Ethiopia, managed to maintain their independence.It is an example of the New Imperialism led by the European countries need to secure raw materials for the rapid growth of manufacturing output after the Industrial Revolution began in England in the late eighteenth century. Great Zimbabwe. At the end of World War II allies fail to agree on the future of the former Italian colony of Libya. At that time a territory is more than five times larger than Italy itself. However, the population exceeds one million inhabitants, representing an appropriate destination for the displaced people of Italy for the war, which began looking for places to which to emigrate. The mistrust between the West and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) eventually make the United Nations Organization (UN) decided to give independence to the country leaving it in the hands of King Idris.Although there were 4 independent countries in Africa (Liberia in 1847, South Africa in 1910, Egypt in 1922 and Ethiopia in 1941) Libya becomes the first African colony to achieve independence in 1951, to be followed in that of Ghana 1957. Later European powers regret this fact, it helped to trigger the various struggles for African independence. Also lost to have the last opportunity to build a European-style state in the southern Merranean coast See also: Ancient Egypt, Africa in the colonial era, Shaka, the Boer Wars and Pan-Africanism