Although the causes have not been well clarified, is thought to be caused or aggravated by physical or mental, physical trauma, exposure to excessive humidity or cold, sleep poorly or rheumatic disease.
Some theories point to a genetic predisposition, with special emphasis on research on the COMT gene and genes related to serotonin and substance P. In many cases, patients with fibromyalgia "have low levels of tryptophan and serotonin (the neurotransmitter responsible for regulating nerve impulse), as well as high levels of substance P in cerebrospinal fluid. We have found a low level of blood flow to the region of the thalamus and the brain, abnormalities in the function of cytokines.
Many cases begin after event, such as viral or bacterial infections, car accidents, etc.. Anxiety and depression caused by emotional disturbances such as marital separation, problems with children, loss of employment, vocational failure, and so on., And the sadness that occurs in response to continued unrest that causes the disease.
Sometimes occurs after having diseases that weaken the body such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, but this does not seem to be the cause but it has a hidden abnormality in the regulation of responsiveness to certain painful stimuli.
May also occur due to an allergic reaction to metals, either by a dental restoration, metal prostheses, cosmetics, tattoos, piercings or jewelry, and vaccines and treatments with metal salts. There are studies in patients with allergies to metals by removing the source of metal, have improved and even there were instances in which the disease disappears.
Among the current theories on the pathogenesis of this disease include alterations in the architecture of sleep (polysomnography: characterized by fragmented sleep, decreased stages of deep sleep not MOR, etc.), alterations in the functioning of the autonomic nervous system (dysautonomy) and phenomena of abnormal processing of pain (sensitization to pain). Furthermore, ultrastructural alterations were found in biopsies of muscle, studied at the electron microscope, in such patients.
Thus integrating theories covering different (and complex) relations between the mechanisms of sleep-wake (circadian rhythm disturbances), the axis hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal processing centers of the pain pathways (fenomenos central and peripheral sensitization pain) and autonomic nervous system (alterations in autonomic tone or vagal-simpatico: hyperactivity simpatica simpatica hiporeactividad sustained before the stress). This condition is also considered a model, a disease of the psycho-neuro-immuno-endocrine.
There are descriptions of cases of "fibromyalgia" in which clinical manifestations are consistent with those of a viral infection or bacterial (eg. Lyme disease), rheumatic involvement, and even with some psychological disorder, but has not yet been establish a clear correlation.
Recently (may/05) new investigations have begun to explore different areas of the brain with imaging techniques and neurosurgery. Raising your fitness level with the bender ball can be achieved with great success. One can actually see the healthy results happening within a few weeks. A hypothesis strongly supported by the scientific community suggests that fibromyalgia is caused by an interpretative defect in the central nervous system that receives abnormal signals for pain.
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