Thursday, 04 June 2009

The siege and fall of Jerusalem

Due to problems among the inhabitants (Jews and Arabs) in the city of Jafo and poor living conditions, sixty Jewish families decided to build a new neighborhood on the Mediterranean coast (the future Tel Aviv, meaning "the hill of the spring). In April 1909, land purchased by the cooperative Ahuzat Bait, consisting of the sixty families that originally gave its name to the neighborhood, decided to distribute plots through a raffle. Akiva Arieh Weiss, director of the committee to draw up the shells 60 and 60 gray-white shells from the beach. Detail of the Arch of Titus showing the treasures looted from the Temple of Jerusalem (the Candelabrum of Seven Arm, the Hand of Proposition Breads, rolls of the law and the veil of the Sancta Sanctorum. )
Main article: Site of Jerusalem (70)
The Jews managed to repel the forces of Cestius Galo in Bet Horon and forced him to withdraw, the killing in 6000 legionaires ambush. Next, the Emperor Nero ordered the bell to General Vespasian, the most experienced of Rome, which concentrated four legions (the V, X, XII and XV, sixty thousand men, about ) in Judea and achievement in the crush 68 Jewish resistance in the north. Asi, the leader Zealot northern Juan de Giscala, and Simon ben Giora assassin, escaped to Jerusalem. In the year 69 he was appointed Vespasian Emperor of Rome, leaving his son Titus, of twenty-nine years in charge of the siege and the taking of Jerusalem, the capital of the province of Judea.
The siege of Jerusalem was harder than what we expected Tito. Unable to break the defense of the city, the Roman army was forced to sites, establishing a camp on the outskirts. The besieged Jerusalem was hell and people died by the thousands from disease and hunger. But the revolutionary Jews were unwilling to surrender and threw over the walls of those pacifists who seemed suspicious. The defenders of the city had about twenty-five thousand combatants divided into zealots, led by Eleazar ben Simon ( occupied the fortress Antonia and the Temple), assassins, led by Simon ben Giora (dominating the upper town), idumeos and others, the orders of Juan de Giscala .
Ancient Roman coin. The inscription reads IVDEA CAPTA (Judea captured).
Tito also used psychological warfare. Before attacking the walls of Jerusalem, gave the site a spectacle: the whole Roman army was deployed in view of the beleaguered. I also call on the services of the former Jewish prisoners who harangue Flavius Josephus urge his compatriots to surrender. So did Josephus: "To save them and the people who save their homeland and templo " (War of the Jews V, 362) "God, who passed the rule of one nation to another, this now Italia "(War V, 367) " Our people have not ever received the gift of arms, and to make war involve necessarily be defeated in it (War V, 399) Do you think God still remains between them become perversos' "(War V, 413). What Josephus wanted to show that God is no longer with them. But Josephus is not persuasive, but, on the contrary, aroused a reaction of rejection.
In the summer of year 70 the Romans, after achieving break the walls of Jerusalem, entered and looted the city. Attacked first, the Antonia fortress and then occupied the Temple, which was burned and destroyed on 9 month of Av in the Jewish year, the month fell below the citadel of Herod.
View of Masada.


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Jun 4, 2009 3:58:18 AM

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